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/ When Not Only Gentlemen Handled Cigars... |
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Konec 19. stoletja je bilo v Tobačni tovarni zaposleno skoraj 2500 delavk in delavcev. Pred prvo svetovno vojno je delovni čas trajal devet ur na dan. Delavke in delavci so bili organizirani v dva sindikata ("strokovni organizaciji"), v Avstrijsko krščansko tobačno delavsko zvezo (krščansko) in Strokovno zvezo tobačnih delavk in delavcev avstrisjkih (socialdemokratska), prek katerih so skušali uveljavljati svoje zahteve za izboljšanje delavnih razmer: skrajšanje delovnega časa, plačan letni dopust, izboljšanje slabih stanovanjskih razmer večine zaposlenih ipd. Večina zaposlenih v Tobačni tovarni so bile ženske (85%), pogosto so zaposlovale cele družine, generacije so sledile generacijam. Zaradi stalnosti delovnega mesta je bila fluktuacija delovne sile nizka. K temu je pripomoglo tudi za tiste čase dobro zdravstveno in pokojninsko zavarovanje. V začetku 20. stoletja so bili v tovarni zaposleni trije zdravniki, organizirana je bila topla prehrana, leta 1912 so ustanovili "dom za dojenčke" za varovanje otrok zaposlenih delavk in leta 1904 je bila ustanovljena delavska knjižnica. At the end of the 19th century there were nearly 2.500 employees, men and women, working in the Ljubljana Tobacco Factory. Up until the First World War, they worked a nine-hour day. Workers were organised into two unions or "professional organisations", the Austrian Christian Tobacco Worker's Association (the Christian union) and the Professional Association of Tobacco Workers of Austria (the social democratic union), throught which they tried to secure better working conditions: shorter hours, paid annual leave, decent housing etc. Most workers at the Tobacco Factory were women (85%). It was not unusual for entire families to work there, generation after generation. Labour fluctuation was extremely low, partly because of the permanent nature of the work, and partly because of what was for its time a good level of health care and pension provision. At the turn of the century the factory employed three doctors and provided hot meals. A creche was set up in 1912 and a worker's library was opened in 1904. |
